What is neonatal pathological jaundice?

Although many neonatal jaundice appears, but most are rational. So what is neonatal hyperbilirubinemia? pathological jaundice of newborn should have the following characteristics:

1, jaundice appears early: often occur within 24 hours after birth. If a neonatal jaundice appears a few hours after birth (General first part is the sclera and face) then prompt this is a dangerous signal, children are likely to suffer from hemolytic disease.

Level 2, jaundice: mainly jaundice progress quickly, from the face gradually spread to the trunk, limbs, if children are found the palms and soles are yellow dye, prompting Pediatric blood bilirubin value exceeds 12mg%. (Term infants with serum bilirubin greater than 12mg/DL; greater than 15mg/DL in preterm infants, tips for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, referred to as Gao Dan)

3, long duration of jaundice, often more than 2 weeks (preterm infants over 3 weeks). If 2 weeks after the child still have jaundice, no matter how much serum bilirubin is tip is unusual circumstances, parents best brought children to the hospital for the necessary checks, in order to identify the cause of jaundice caused by.

4 dissipated, jaundice appears after.

Many causes of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, particularly jaundice occurs more attention should be paid within 24 hours after, often prompts with acute severe disease, immediate to the hospital.

In order to detect pathological jaundice, must observe the development of jaundice. If you are giving birth in hospitals, at discharge not forget to ask the doctor, newborn has jaundice? is already a few days? to understand delay no rebate of neonatal jaundice; home also often hold children in natural light, see if the skin is yellow, because as light in the room dark or light observation, often result in missed see jaundice. If the newborn is not only skin, white eyes yellow, torso and hands and feet are also yellow, it means jaundice serious, should go to hospital for treatment as soon as possible.

Baby pregnancy health, excluding hidden 9

Baby pregnancy health, excluding hidden 9

You do the bride with a sweet, more a good hope after move softly on your mind-a happy new mother-Oh. So, your body has to be ready for it? You know, to cure diseases of the body before pregnancy before pregnancy health baby.

Nurture a healthy baby is every good wish of the mother, women before pregnancy body State is also the baby of the future basis for good health. Because the mother during pregnancy fetal baby development growth in supply of all essential nutrients, if a mother suffering from disease is not cured, so these do not apply will not only have a direct impact on maternal health after pregnancy, or even endangering the fetus.

So, come look! We prepared for pregnancy health baby before, be sure to exclude the 9 hidden in the body. (The following 9 hidden in order of necessity excludes diseases)

Vaginitis

Best pregnancy of women suffering from vaginal vaginitis until cured. Because after pregnancy might cause vaginitis infection, premature rupture of amniotic membrane, cause preterm birth.

Expert tips
In order to breed healthy babies, to put not only before the pregnancy of vaginitis, and after pregnancy also to positive treatment of vaginitis.

Gonorrhea

The most common STD is gonorrhea, be sure to cure after pregnancy. Gonorrhea is a urogenital inflammation, hidden in chronic infection gonococcal Bartholin\'s gland or prostate, formed during the acute abscess, or hide in the cervical glands, usually when there is no acute attack may be no obvious symptoms. If the acute attack of pregnancy may result in premature rupture of membranes, preterm birth, abortion or postpartum infection. When a vaginal delivery, neonatal gonococcal conjunctivitis infection, developed symptoms on multi-2-3 day after birth, if not positive treatment, infants will corneal perforation of the blind.

Expert tips

1, the treatment of women with gonorrhea should be actively, uplink fallopian tube obstruction or infection can lead to infertility.

2, treatment, must be thoroughly marital therapy.

3, a decision pregnant again before review gonococcal, judgment has indeed healed after pregnancy.

Appendicitis

Late in the pregnancy, the uterus up long, the appendix was also pushed up into large abdominal cavity. Once the perforated Appendix suppurative, causing diffuse peritonitis, stimulating peritoneal can cause miscarriage or preterm birth.

Expert tips

Women 1, planned pregnancy at the time of acute attack of appendicitis, it is best to choose surgery, conservative treatment methods should not be taken.

2, appendicitis recurrent attacks several times a year, had operated on before the pregnancy is better, so during pregnancy are more secure.

Hepatitis

Acute hepatitis should definitely not pregnant, strictly contraceptive requirements. If was also pregnant termination of pregnancy, in acute hepatitis after illness 1 year before pregnancy. In patients with chronic hepatitis, liver function damage in severe inability, because the body\'s metabolism in the liver, and would increase the damage to the liver.

Expert tips

Liver function in patients with hepatitis b should be back to normal after pregnancy.

Diabetes mellitus

If diabetes before pregnancy is very serious, with fundus diseases, coronary heart disease, or diabetic nephropathy complicated with primary hypertension (blood pressure >150/110mmHg), after pregnancy often leads to disease increased, causing blindness, complicated with pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, kidney deterioration, so should not be pregnant. High rate of diabetes mellitus after pregnancy in patients with spontaneous abortion, often complicated with pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, polyhydramnios, macrosomia, prematurity and infections. Susceptible to uterine atony, shoulder dystocia during labour and birth trauma, postpartum hemorrhage. Early postnatal infection-prone.

Expert tips

1, patients with diabetes mellitus in pregnancy control in normal blood glucose level before, method of controlling blood glucose including diet control and taking hypoglycemic agents control.

2, learn to monitor blood sugar and urine sugar.

3, to prevent infection.

Children autumn diarrhea diet conditioning

During the early and middle of autumn, temperatures remain relatively high, combined with the rain, humidity larger food after placing easy to corrupt and degenerate, bacteria breeding activity. If you do not pay attention to food hygiene, eating these foods often cause acute gastroenteritis, characterized by acute abdominal pain, diarrhea, anorexia and nausea and vomiting. Children with weak Constitution, also easy to be enterovirus infection and diarrhea in autumn.

For the treatment of diarrhea, apart from the rest and give the necessary antibiotics and antiviral drugs, but also special note

Italian food and conditioning. Proper conditioning can make symptoms rapidly reduced, enables rapid recovery of physical health improves.

First of all, according to the body characteristics of the water when a large number of lost in diarrhea should increase the intake of liquid food, such as milk, Lotus root starch, vegetable juice, fruit juice, eggs and gruel, soup, soft surface. These liquid diet easier to digestion and absorption and contain large numbers of electrolytes needed human body.

Secondly, in a diet appropriate to add some fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants, cucumbers, citrus and red, not only to supplement rich in vitamin c and b, and play a role in diarrhea, convergence can also increase body fluid in the body. Egg soup intake also have convergence effect, and to protect the gastrointestinal mucosa and ulcer. If prolonged diarrhea may, before each meal to eat a small piece of baking paste steamed bun, in medicine, also known as \"carbon\", is a type of traditional Chinese medicine can be adsorbed bacteria and toxins, make them eliminated from the body, play a role in convergence and clean the intestines.

Thirdly, patients under control, began to return to normal eating first from liquid to semiliquid and gradual transition to the soft rice. Pay attention to frequent small meals, not eating too much at the outset to prevent increased gastrointestinal burden caused by indigestion, abdominal distention, and so on. In addition, patients should pay attention to eat less oily and too much crude fiber-containing foods such as leeks, celery, chili and animal oils and fats, avoiding faster gastrointestinal peristalsis and is not conducive to lesion repair. Bananas and pears and other fruits are also not allowed to eat.

IV, mostly caused by enterovirus infection of children autumn diarrhea, antibiotic is not valid, you must be prudent use of antibiotics in order to avoid abuse of antibiotics. For infantile diarrhea in autumn, such as AGASTACHE rugosa righteousness available water, Berberine and healthy trends capsule orally, to anti-inflammatory qudu, spleen, promoting conditions improve. Under normal circumstances, number of children autumn diarrhea if not more, not fasting, infant normal breastfeeding.　　If diarrhea serious short fast, his condition improves after the first start with liquid, easily digestible diet and avoid premature eating easily digested food such as meat, eggs, milk and fish is not taboo. During the early and middle of autumn, temperatures remain relatively high, combined with the rain, humidity larger food after placing easy to corrupt and degenerate, bacteria breeding activity. If you do not pay attention to food hygiene, eating these foods often cause acute gastroenteritis, characterized by acute abdominal pain, diarrhea, anorexia and nausea and vomiting. Children with weak Constitution, also easy to be enterovirus infection and diarrhea in autumn.

For the treatment of diarrhea, apart from the rest and give the necessary antibiotics and antiviral drugs, but also special note

Italian food and conditioning. Proper conditioning can make symptoms rapidly reduced, enables rapid recovery of physical health improves.

First of all, according to the body characteristics of the water when a large number of lost in diarrhea should increase the intake of liquid food, such as milk, Lotus root starch, vegetable juice, fruit juice, eggs and gruel, soup, soft surface. These liquid diet easier to digestion and absorption and contain large numbers of electrolytes needed human body.

Secondly, in a diet appropriate to add some fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants, cucumbers, citrus and red, not only to supplement rich in vitamin c and b, and play a role in diarrhea, convergence can also increase body fluid in the body. Egg soup intake also have convergence effect, and to protect the gastrointestinal mucosa and ulcer. If prolonged diarrhea may, before each meal to eat a small piece of baking paste steamed bun, in medicine, also known as \"carbon\", is a type of traditional Chinese medicine can be adsorbed bacteria and toxins, make them eliminated from the body, play a role in convergence and clean the intestines.

Thirdly, patients under control, began to return to normal eating first from liquid to semiliquid and gradual transition to the soft rice. Pay attention to frequent small meals, not eating too much at the outset to prevent increased gastrointestinal burden caused by indigestion, abdominal distention, and so on. In addition, patients should pay attention to eat less oily and too much crude fiber-containing foods such as leeks, celery, chili and animal oils and fats, avoiding faster gastrointestinal peristalsis and is not conducive to lesion repair. Bananas and pears and other fruits are also not allowed to eat.

IV, mostly caused by enterovirus infection of children autumn diarrhea, antibiotic is not valid, you must be prudent use of antibiotics in order to avoid abuse of antibiotics. For infantile diarrhea in autumn, such as AGASTACHE rugosa righteousness available water, Berberine and healthy trends capsule orally, to anti-inflammatory qudu, spleen, promoting conditions improve. Under normal circumstances, number of children autumn diarrhea if not more, not fasting, infant normal breastfeeding. If diarrhea serious short fast, his condition improves after the first start with liquid, easily digestible diet and avoid premature eating easily digested food such as meat, eggs, milk and fish is not taboo.

What is neonatal physiological jaundice

Physiological jaundice of newborn is a determined by the characteristics of neonatal bilirubin metabolism, physiological phenomena must occur, rather than from any other disease factors causing the jaundice.

How to tell if jaundice is rational?

First, note the jaundice appears at: usually occurs about 3 days after birth, a few to see slight yellowing of the skin on the second day after birth, or delay occurred to 5 days after birth. Gradually increased in the future, typically in jaundice di2-3 days after the most obvious.

Extent of jaundice: mainly rely on the determination of serum bilirubin to the judgment. Physiological jaundice of the highest value is the Moon should not exceed 12mg%, should not exceed 15mg% in preterm infants. Is the first from scleral jaundice in the order, face, neck and then spread to the trunk and limbs. Parents can jaundice appears part of a rough estimate of lycopene concentration in the blood, only in the face and neck to see jaundice, blood concentrations of red pigment from about 6-8mg%; spread to the upper body, approximately 9-12mg%; spread to lower body, about 12-16mg%, the palms and soles are yellow, generally above the 15mg%.

Development of jaundice speed: Although the extent of jaundice does not exceed the normal range of bilirubin, but appears earlier, faster development, prompt may also have a serious disease. Jaundice speeds also depend on the development of determination of serum bilirubin to judge. Normal is a month of neonatal cord blood bilirubin up to 2.5mg%, within 24 hours after birth than 6mg%,48 hours not exceeding 7.5%, within 72 hours of not more than 12mg%.

Jaundice retreat time: term infants jaundice dissipated 7-10 days of general health, no more than 2 weeks after birth at the latest, may be delayed until after birth in preterm infants 3-4 weeks back the net, if jaundice receded more than normal time, or stand back and returns are not working properly.
Other: a physiological jaundice of newborn apart from jaundice, other aspects are normal, such as infants, sleep, cry, urinary and fecal discharge, temperature, etc.

In short, the judgment is a physiological jaundice on people\'s livelihood should be based on jaundice of newborn began dissipated, the extent, development speed, and time and the total of all aspects of it are normal to judgment. General after successfully, do not need to be treated.

Ten problems to before pregnancy

Ten problems to before pregnancy

One, to discover their own pregnancies

Some women look forward to their early pregnancies, but do not know whether they were pregnant. Sometimes he was pregnant, period expired, also regarded menstruation, and take regulate menstruation and activating blood circulation drugs without permission, resulting in very dangerous consequences and may even cause infertility! Examples of this are not uncommon.

1, menstruation expires that is, menopause, and varying degrees of loss of appetite, aversion to greasy food acid food, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, lethargy, aversion to cold, such as urinary frequency symptom.

2, if you test your basal body temperature, temperature will continue to render in a high temperature over 18 days.

Given the above signs, you can also purchase from pharmacies test paper, responses-self test urine pregnancy test strip dipped in the urine, where there are two red lines on paper, to diagnose early pregnancy, of course, is the most reliable way to the hospital to determine.

Second, select the appropriate age at pregnancy and season

From the perspective of reproductive age, women conceived to 25-30 years of age, was conceived by the best age of 25, 26. Premature pregnancy, cervical cancer-prone; pregnant too late, prone to congenital defects, fetal malformation, birth rate will also increase.

Pregnancy best season also pay attention to. General propositions in spring, which is 3, 4, 53 months pregnant. Pregnancy, fetal growth to about 3 months time, when is the most rapidly developing brain cells, is the most need of nutrition – was also to 6 summer, this is on the market supply of vegetables, fruits, eggs, meat-rich season, enough to meet the needs of pregnant women. But when 3 climate stability, pregnant woman is not easy to colds and other diseases.

Third, ahead of deal with diseases such as dental disease

Data show that the 80% of women at the time of pregnancy, prone to dental complications, such as such as toothache, gingival bleeding. If we ignore it, treatment of dental diseases before pregnancy, would not be subjected to suffering from dental disease during pregnancy. More important is, three months after the first three months of pregnancy and not teeth. Because easy to induce abortion in early pregnancy, tooth, advanced teeth prone to premature pregnancy, bad teeth, or if you suffered from dental disease, there is a pregnancy in time for a cure, lest trouble during the pregnancy.

Outside, women suffering from heart disease, kidney disease, high blood pressure, also to consider the possibility of pregnancy. If the disease is too serious, but can be under the guidance of doctor pregnancy if severe, the goal is to follow the doctor\'s opinion, not forced pregnancies, also mainly to the treatment of disease.

If the woman is suffering from mental illness, diseases such as diabetes, epilepsy, thyroid dysfunction, but is not yet well enough, not suitable for pregnant.

Four, in a spirit of full status to meet new life

If you\'re really ready for pregnancy, be sure to review the two of you during this period the State of mind. Both husband and wife are full of happy, emotional, physical health should be maintained. Ill need active treatment, cure after considering pregnancy. When you prepare a pregnant women also prevent colds and other infectious diseases so as to avoid illness and medication affect embryo development.

Tired tired doesn\'t suit when pregnant, conceived by, for example on the travel time of the marriage should not be promoted, because of fatigue, alcohol and other factors in the journey, on embryonic development extremely unfavorable and may even cause abortion.

Five, to avoid vaccination

If your small husband and wife to pregnancy, when the health sector for some diseases, asking people to vaccinate, you need to your discretion. Generally speaking, if this period is not required for injection of vaccine, vaccination should be avoided as far as possible. If it is a live virus vaccine, rubella, measles, should be absolutely avoided, so as not to cause infection of the fetus. Even die of cholera vaccine, although the embryos would not be affected, but once the immune response, such as high fever, can also cause miscarriage. Synthesis for gene vaccine of hepatitis vaccine, the fetus had no damage, but should also avoid vaccination during pregnancy.

Of course, if you are suffering from life-threatening diseases, such as in epidemic area in close contact with persons who are ill, or was mad dog bites have the risk of rabies and tetanus cases may occur, or in life, must be vaccinated.

New contraceptive informed choice

Relevant statistics show that, if the couple does not take contraceptive measures, within one month of one-fourth conceived, within half a year is half of sth Did not intend to in the near future fertility, contraceptive use is very necessary.

Newlyweds are not appropriate for \"ejaculation contraception in vitro\" and \"rhythm method\" method, because both of these methods are not very good, and easy to fail. Suitable for new contraceptive methods launches world\'s first 125°c influence contraceptive? slow fire box Oboro wall \"sea? and more than 35 years of age, neurological symptoms of migraine in severe smokers, moderate to severe hypertension, not taking the medicine? 牐?

Methyl compound norethisterone or compound megestrol acetate, from the fifth day of menstrual instance started taking? more Yi nan Huang onion LV bi flag? drug shall prevail? 牐? a every day, such as leaking suit the same day, must make up the next morning, otherwise wasted. Withdrawal 5 days or so instance of discharging the menses so repeatedly taking without leaking suit, contraceptive effect was very good.

Contraceptive first, 18, instance of discharging the menses began taking on the fifth day, every day, during 1-3 days of withdrawal. Withdrawal of seventh day taken then as described above to start the next cycle of 22, its role is to suppress ovulation, medication for one month, contraception for a month.

\"Marvelon\" is instance of discharging the menses began to take on the first day, had been taking 21 days and withdrawal after seven days and then begin to take the next cycle.

Honeymoon using topical paste, spermicidal condoms and contraception drugs safer, contraceptive ointment not only to lubricate, and kill sperm. Once the condom ruptured its remedial measures were quickly washing the vagina, again and again eat relatives contraceptives.

Use of the contraceptive pill the best from the beginning one month before the marriage, to gradually adapt to its adverse effects.

If it is not in accordance with the menstrual cycle oral contraceptive, the new tool is best used when contraception. Also can taking visits contraceptives, as Shanghai production of 53rd, visits contraceptives? Gong? acetylene lost carbon ester? Yan Imperial 构词成分。 Lok? cycle of limit, more applies Yu Wedding couples, it at any time taking very convenient, some visits contraceptives is sex Qian with, some is is after then with, taking Qian must to carefully reading manual, however its contraception effect than oral influence contraceptives, does not for long-term taking, otherwise will caused menstrual does not adjusting.

Norimitsu l Director said that judging from clinical observation, now newly married couples used security plus contraceptives more or medication combined with security. Currently, oral contraceptives have contraceptive effects not only, but also for epithelial ovarian cancer, ovarian cancer, benign tumors of the breast has a protective effect. Data show that regular use of the contraceptive pill of women than non-users of these cancers are much lower. However Director fan warned that long-term medication of people to the hospital regularly to monitor liver function, blood pressure, and so on.

Oral contraceptives should pay attention to:

Oral contraceptive pills effective components on the outer layer of sugar. When taking the pill to check is complete, such as pill humidity, sugar peeling can no longer use.

Few suits will appear at the beginning phenomena such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness weakness without tension, we must persist in taking, symptoms will gradually reduce and disappear. Taking vitamins c and B6, symptoms are reduced. Can also have some pickled vegetables, ginger or drink tea to help ease the discomfort.

Medication such as husband or wife during out, wife to give out 22 to avoid creating a contraceptive failure or disruption of normal menstrual cycle. If leaking suit, 1 served in the repair within 24 hours.

A drug taking, and contraceptives should be used interchangeably.

Avoid taking certain drugs during medication that might otherwise make contraceptive failure. Common may fail the contraceptive drugs of oxytetracycline, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, furan, benzene sodium phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampin, and so on.

Contraception fails, what should I do? emergency contraception within 72 hours, you can remedy:

Prior to the drug store to buy some of 1 syringe or flusher, finished just after sex, vaginal irrigation immediately, flushing when squatting, using warm water or SOAP and water clean, if timely, thorough, and contraceptive purpose can be achieved.

Chlorhexidine acetate with killing effect of cervical mucus and blocks sperm penetration of sperm, it may be made of its powder, quick-time adding warm water distribution to 0. 2% concentrations in sexual life within 5 minutes after cleaning the vagina 2, contraceptive effect is good in General. Chlorhexidine acetate on vaginal mucosa without stimulation, also has the effect of treatment of cervical erosion.

After mifepristone in ovulatory sexual intercourse when using contraceptive effectiveness better. Method is just over sex oral mifepristone 25 mg, repeat 1 in 12 hours. Have a role on any day of the menstrual cycle, is said to have high efficiency.

However after taking emergency contraception drug only as a remedial measure, is not always as a means of contraception, contraceptive efficacy because it cannot be 100%. Regular use will disrupt the endocrine, in severe cases can cause menstrual cycle disorders.

Oral contraceptives do has an impact on growth?

Many people, family and marriage often cause physical factors such as temporarily not pregnant, want to facilitate easy, good contraceptive effectiveness of oral contraceptives for contraception, but oral contraceptives can affect fertility of common sense knows very little, so one could not make determination. What is the effect of oral contraceptives on fertility in the end?

After women stop taking steroid contraceptives about 20% in a ~3 of 2 months months restoring fertility. Within 2 years after the withdrawal of multiparous pregnancy have three early maternal, 85%, human 1O% natural infertility rates, both of these values roughly; withdrawal of hope after pregnancy in total pregnancy loss rate of 8%~1O%, and similar rates of spontaneous abortion of mankind; withdrawal pregnancy after birth the baby\'s incidence of malformations and lost days compared to control groups are not significantly different. Therefore, it can be said that contraceptive use and fertility is normal, there is no effect. However, in the use of the contraceptive pill during pregnancy to increase the possibility of congenital malformations, thus taking during the absence of withdrawal bleeding, considering there is no pregnancy. If pregnant, should stop immediately. For temporarily didn\'t want to pregnant couples, oral contraceptives on fertility had no effect, can be boldly used.